Lestari

Talawang: Central Kalimantan’s Iconic Shield Rich in Cultural Meaning 

BorneoGaze - August 10, 2025

Authors: Naz’hiva Aini Nasution & Yonathan Yoelandro

Supervisor : Dewi Furry, S.Pd  

Distinctive Features of Talawang

One of the most iconic features of the talawang is the hornbill, or tingang, motif. Regarded as sacred by the Dayak, the hornbill represents humanity’s deep bond with nature, and the carvings often appear interconnected, symbolizing unity and continuity. Another notable motif is the Kamang, which depicts the spirit of Dayak male ancestors, represented as a figure wearing a loincloth, sitting cross-legged, and often painted red. This motif is believed to channel magical powers while embodying courage and valor. In addition, the talawang is decorated with striking colors such as red, yellow, black, green, and white, each carrying symbolic meaning tied to life, strength, and natural forces. 

Functions in Dayak Life

The talawang originally served as a practical weapon of defense, often used alongside the mandau in battle. Beyond its role in combat, it also functioned as a symbol of social status and bravery; inheriting or owning a talawang often marked someone as a warrior, tribal chief, or respected figure within the community. In cultural performances such as the tari mandau, the talawang becomes an important ritual property, embodying ancestral values and courage. The shield is also regarded as a spiritual protector, believed to possess magical powers that ward off harm and shield its owner from malevolent spirits.

Philosophical Meanings of Colors and Motifs

The colors and motifs of the talawang are more than decoration; they carry profound philosophical meaning. Red, or bahandang, represents courage and the blood of ancestors, while black (babilem) symbolizes strength and the mysteries of nature. White (baputi) reflects purity of intention and honesty in the struggle, and yellow (bahenda) signifies prosperity, triumph, and wealth. Green (bahijau) embodies fertility, abundance, and renewal. The hornbill motif emphasizes the spiritual connection between humans, nature, and ancestors, while the Kamang motif is believed to enhance magical energy, bravery, and protection for the one who carries it. Collectively, these elements turn the talawang into a living philosophy carved in wood and color.

Talawang in the Modern Era

In today’s world, the talawang has shifted from its role as a weapon to one of cultural and educational significance. It can now be found displayed in museums and cultural exhibitions as an important historical artifact. Within traditional houses and public spaces, it serves as a proud symbol of Dayak identity. The talawang also remains central to cultural festivals and performances, where it highlights the richness of Dayak traditions through dance and art. Moreover, it has become a medium of education, helping to introduce younger generations and tourists to the cultural heritage of Central Kalimantan, while also gaining value as a cultural commodity. 

Preserving Cultural Heritage

The talawang is more than wood and paint—it is a mirror of Dayak identity, courage, and spirituality. Preserving it means preserving the roots of Indonesian heritage itself. By appreciating, practicing, and passing down the values contained in the talawang, we keep alive the diverse cultural wealth of Indonesia. To honor local traditions is to nurture our collective history and strengthen our pride as a nation of many cultures.